Importance of Sports Essay Essay Example

Significance of Sports Essay Example Significance of Sports Essay Significance of Sports Essay Sports, for example, football or baseball include tonss of physical exercises. Sports and exercisings help in meat uping and reciting the musculuss and castanetss in the natural structure. In short. the significance of athleticss for childs is that it keeps them in a top notch structure. At the point when children or adults plays crew athleticss. be it cricket or hockey. they figure out how to function in gatherings. They discover that if the crew wins. they win and if the crew loses. they lose. This way they figure out how to function in gatherings. In this way. the significance of athleticss for childs is that they comprehend what is camaraderie and hence. at the point when they develop and truly get down working. it will help them tremendously in building associations with their partners. what's more to work in agreement with others. Sports makes individuals intellectually solid. Achievement and disappointment are the two pieces of athleticss each piece great as life. An athlete realizes that there will be times when he will win lucifers. there will other than be times when he will lose them. A sportsperson realizes how to oversee licking and in this manner. dainties achievement and disappointment each piece. This is an of import life exercise too much. which athleticss can get familiar with a person. Other than this. another significance of athleticss for kids or for adults is that it shows them how to oversee rivalry. what's more, be unafraid while going up against the adversaries. Kids and fledglings overflow with physical vitality. At the point when they are associated with athleticss. their physical energies are spent in a useful way. Young is such a waxy age. in the event that youngsters are without given clasp they may get associated with mistaken exercises or may fall in awful organization or may other than uncover hostile to social conduct. In this manner. the significance of athleticss in the public eye is that it shields youngsters from going enemy of social components. who may some way or another agitated the fragile fabric of society. Here’s believing that now you comprehend what is the significance of athleticss. Other than being of import for childs. taking up an athleticss bringing in large life. has its ain advantages. A sportsperson every now and again goes to different states to play lucifers and in the system. learns an incredible exchange about the developments of these states. Indeed, even the witnesss or Television seeing crowds are comprehensively engaged while watching proficient athleticss. doing it a five star recreational movement.

10 Pros and Cons of Being a School Principal

10 Pros and Cons of Being a School Principal There are numerous upsides and downsides that accompany being a head. It tends to be a remunerating employment, and it can likewise be an amazingly distressing activity. Not every person is removed to be a head. There are sure characterizing qualities that a decent chief will have. On the off chance that you are considering turning into a head, it is vital that you gauge all the upsides and downsides that accompany the activity. Take all elements of the two sides into thought before settling on your ultimate conclusion. On the off chance that you don't feel you can deal with the cons, avoid this calling. On the off chance that you accept that the cons are just detours, and the professionals are well justified, despite all the trouble, at that point take the plunge. Being a chief can be a breathtaking vocation choice for the ideal individual. Experts of Being a School Principal Pay. The middle expected yearly compensation of a chief is over $100,000, while the middle expected yearly pay for an instructor is under $60,000. That is a huge pay raise and can substantially affect your family’s budgetary status, just as on your retirement. That pay raise is all around earned, as you will see when we take a gander at the cons. There is no denying that a critical pay raise makes it speaking to many individuals to make that hop from educator to head. Nonetheless, it is fundamental that you don't settle on that choice dependent on pay alone. Assortment. Repetition is never an issue when you are a school head. No two days are ever indistinguishable. Every day brings new difficulties, new issues, and new experiences. This can be energizing and keeps things new. You can go into a day with a strong arrangement of activities and neglect to achieve a solitary thing that you anticipated. No one can tell what will anticipate you on a specific day. Being a chief is rarely exhausting. As an educator, you set up a daily practice and generally show similar ideas every year. As a head, there will never be a built up schedule. Every day has its own one of a kind schedule that directs itself over the long haul. Control. As the school chief, you will have more power over practically every part of your structure. You will regularly be the lead leader. You will regularly have probably some authority over key choices, for example, employing another instructor, changing educational plan and projects, and planning. This control permits you to put your stamp on what your structure does. It gives you the chance to execute the vision that you have for your school. You will likewise have all out command over every day choices, including understudy discipline, educator assessments, proficient turn of events, etc. Victory. As the structure head, you will likewise get credit when credit is expected. At the point when an individual understudy, instructor, mentor, or group succeeds, you additionally succeed. You get the opportunity to celebrate in those triumphs on the grounds that a choice you made some place along the line likely helped lead to that achievement. At the point when somebody related with the school is perceived for exceptional accomplishment in some region, it ordinarily implies that the correct choices have been made. This can regularly be followed back to a principal’s initiative. It might be as clear as employing the correct educator or mentor, actualizing and supporting another program, or offering a specific understudy the correct inspiration. Effect. As an educator, you regularly just affect the understudies you instruct. Beyond a shadow of a doubt that this effect is huge and direct. As a head, you can have a bigger, aberrant effect on understudies, educators, and bolster work force. The choices you make can influence everybody. For instance, working intimately with a youthful instructor who needs some bearing and direction tremendously affects both the educator and each understudy they will ever educate. As a head, your effect isn't constrained to a solitary homeroom. A solitary choice can be otherworldly all through the whole school. School Principal Cons Time. Powerful instructors invest a great deal of additional energy in their study halls and at home. In any case, principals spend an a lot more prominent measure of time carrying out their responsibilities. Principals are frequently the first to class and the last one to leave. When all is said in done, they are on a year contract, getting just two to about a month of excursion time throughout the late spring. They likewise have a few gatherings and expert advancement obligations they are required to join in. Principals are typically expected to go to pretty much every extra-curricular occasion. As a rule, this can mean going to occasions three to four evenings every week during the school year. Principals invest a ton of energy away from their homes and their families all through the school year. Duty. Principals have a more prominent remaining task at hand than instructors do. They are not, at this point liable for just a couple of subjects with a bunch of understudies. Rather, a chief is liable for each understudy, each educator/mentor, each supporting part, and each program in their structure. A principal’s duty impression is gigantic. You have your turn in all things, and this can be overpowering. You must be sorted out, mindful, and sure to stay aware of those duties. Understudy discipline issues emerge each day. Educators require help consistently. Guardians demand gatherings to voice concerns normally. You are the one answerable for taking care of each of these, just as a plenty of different issues that happen inside your school each day. Pessimism. As a head, you manage a lot a greater number of negatives than you will positives. The main time you commonly manage understudies up close and personal is a result of an order issue. Each case is unique, yet they are on the whole negative. You additionally get the chance to deal with educators griping about understudies, guardians, and different instructors. At the point when guardians demand a gathering, it is quite often in light of the fact that they need to gripe about an instructor or another understudy. These consistent dealings with everything negative can get overpowering. There will be times you should close your office entryway or go watch a remarkable teacher’s study hall just to get away from all the cynicism for a couple of moments. Be that as it may, taking care of these negative objections and issues is a significant an aspect of your responsibilities. You should adequately address each issue, or you won't be a head for long. Disappointments. As talked about before, you will get acknowledgment for triumphs. It is additionally critical to take note of that you will likewise be answerable for disappointments. This is particularly obvious if your structure is a low-performing school dependent on state sanctioned test execution. As the pioneer of the structure, it is your obligation to have programs set up to help with boosting understudy execution. At the point when your school comes up short, somebody must be the substitute, and that could fall on your shoulders. There are numerous different approaches to bomb as a vital that could endanger your activity. A portion of those incorporate creation a progression of harming employs, neglecting to ensure an understudy who has been harassed, and keeping an educator who is known to be incapable. A significant number of these disappointments are avoidable with difficult work and commitment. In any case, a few disappointments will happen regardless of what you do, and you will be connected to them in light of your situation in the structure. Legislative issues. Sadly, there is a political part to being a head. You must be strategic in your methodology with understudies, instructors, and guardians. You can't generally say what you need to state. You need to stay proficient consistently. There are likewise events where you might be constrained into settling on a choice that makes you awkward. This weight may originate from a noticeable network part, educational committee part, or your area administrator. This political game could be as clear as two guardians needing their youngsters to be in a similar class. It might likewise get muddled in a circumstance where an educational committee part moves toward you to demand that a football player who is bombing a class is permitted to play. There are circumstances such as this when you should make a moral stand regardless of whether you realize it might cost you. The political game can be difficult to play. Nonetheless, when you are in a place of administration, you can wager that there will be some governmental issues included. Sources Government funded School Teacher Salary in the United States. Salary.com, 2019.â School Principal Salary in the United States. Salary.com, 2019.

Computer Disposal Essay - 550 Words

Computer Disposal (Essay Sample) Content: Computer Disposal NameProfessorInstitutionCourseDate Computer technology came at their right time to help man in many activities. Currently a large number of institutions wholly depend on the computer to carry out major chores. This good reception by the consumer for it value in their daily lives has seen many more computer manufacturer arise. From the consumers end they are craving for computers with more power. Response to this has led to the manufacturing companies improve this technology every beginning of a new day. The consumers gladly take in the new technology but dont take caution what they do with the old computers. Computer monitors account for roughly half the 130,000 to 150,000 pounds of electronics CP Recovery recycles in a given month (Grace, 2006) and this trend is the same in many places with computer waste taking almost half of all electronic waste. Computer waste contain a big percentage metal, plastics, CRT LCD screens, printed circuit boards the n cables among others. Most of these materials dont readily decompose and would take centuries to completely decompose. This brings the essence to develop ways of best disposing these computers considering some of these metals emit radiations that are harmful to the general environment. The ways that are feature here are just few of what we can put into practice to ensure limited impact of computer waste to our environment. The company should maintain close links with the computers manufacturing industries. Time there is need for older computers disposal they should take then for recycling of some of the materials. Since its a system upgrade most of the hardware is still functional like the hard drives. Recycling of some of these materials saves time and power used to manufacture new one. This would save the environment on the resource usage. The computers, all slated for recycling or reuse, were mistakenly allowed to be picked up by a computer refurbishing company prior to the des truction of the hard drives, hard drives have been recovered (Hall, 2012). The government should follow closely on these companies to ensure that they have adhered to the recycling rules. Mistakes can happen in any organization but the key thing is having measures to minimize the risk (Hall, 2005). Recycling these materials will ensure that the new rebuilt systems are sold at cheaper prices the customers. The unused material that is termed as waste is greatly reduced in quantity are limiting on what could have been the impact of this waste to the environment. The company will ensure that the disposal of this waste is into better hands who do it professionally and reduce the environmental impact if the company just threw them away. Since these companys computers were powerful for some jobs like simple learning it would be wise to donate these computers to other smaller institutions. These computers have smaller problems like virus or damaged part; some people may not necessarily n eed a new computer for their work. Mostly in the developing nations where computer technology is still too expensive to afford, this would be a great relieve to some of their burdens and good steps towards their development. There should be close monitoring of the computers being donated since very low end computers may not perform and this would lead to technological dumping in these countries. The computers should also be scanned for their radiation levels to avoid causing and environmental disasters that are caused by these radiations like high risk of getting cancer. This would increase the general performance life of these computers and reduce the need to produce more computers for such markets. The company could also earn some value by selling the old computers at small prices to the institutions. This is a good way to conserve resources and environmental degrade that would be caused by emission during their manufacture. The company would prevent the eminent disposal as garba ge of these computers and ensure a limited negative impact on the environment. Most computers are created to allow internal hardware and software upgrade. The new technology upgrades a piece at a time like RAM, hard drive size, screens resolution and operating system and other support software. Most of the computers are manufactured to allow these upgrades into the computer with effective performance improvement. Some computer may be underperforming due to old operating system and support software; these could be easily upgraded without causing any physical disposal of the computer. Adding RAM memory to a PC is one of the most common computer upgrades though its important to consider the compatibility of the memory to the PC before purchasing (Morley, 2010). The company should consider buying parts that have been technologically outdated. This cost would also be effectively reduced since the company need expert to perform the upgrade and purchase specific materials compared to bu ying of wholly new computer. Again this would be a good move to watch the usage of resources and manufacturing impact toward the environment since less new computers will have to be manufactured. Instead of disposing the whole computer the company has few outdated parts as waste which can be given to origin companies for recycling. This move would effectively ensure less impact to the environment from computer disposal. Its not p...

Pollution and Green Chemistry Science Fair Projects

You can design a science fair project that studies pollution or addresses green chemistry. Topics include air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and green chemistry, which seeks to minimize the pollution generated by chemical processes. What type of car antifreeze is safest to the environment?Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth?How effective are natural mosquito repellents? Are they safer for the environment?What is the effect of a certain chemical in water on algae growth?How is biodiversity affected by the level of pollution?How closely does the pH of soil relate to the pH of the water around the soil? Which types of soils resist pH changes from pollution the best?What are some natural herbicides, pesticides, or algicides? How effective are they? How safe are they for the environment?How effective are house plants at reducing the concentration of organic air pollutants? Is the level of air pollutants lower in areas with a large number of trees compared with relatively nearby areas that have few plants?What might you do to detoxify run-off?Do the chemical preservatives used in packaging break down or do they remain in soil after the packaging has been composted?

The Crucible And Twelve Angry Men Essay - 1145 Words

Can justice; fair treatment, exist in a world of prejudice; preconceived bias opinions? In both works of American Literature about the United States judicial system; The Crucible by Arthur Miller, and Twelve Angry Men by Reginald rose extol the pursuit of justice while questioning the place of prejudice in the judicial system. These plays unveil the fact that; only by overcoming and setting aside prejudices can justice be attained. The Crucible takes place during puritan times when the word of mouth was proof of guilty, while Twelve Angry Men takes place during the 20th century when the word of mouth must be proven true prior to a verdict. Hover both plays exhibit a reasonable protagonist who stands against all his misguided peers in the†¦show more content†¦By admitting he had an affair with a teen John admitted to adultery tarnishing his reputation in the name of justice. John even gives up his life, unwilling to charge other innocent people with witchcraft, because it is the just thing to do. John then Although John committed lechery, he redeemed himself by sacrificing his name, his reputation, and his life in the pursuit of justice. Similarly ,In Twelve Angry Men Juror 8 is a smart and moral juror who is willing to stand against all the other jurors for what he thinks is right. He is the main protagonist who believes a boy accused with murdering his father deserves a discussion prior to a guilty verdict. Although all the other jurors initially voted guilty, juror 8 believed that the jurors should not â€Å"send a boy off to die without talking about it first†(Juror 8, 12). Throughout the play Juror 8 combats the pressure from the other Jurors to just vote guilty and manages to convince his fellow Jurors one by one that there in fact is â€Å"reasonable doubt†(Judge, 6) and convinces them to arrive at a â€Å"not guilty†(Juror 3, 72) verdict. Reginald Rose extols Juror 8’s pursuit of justice through his success. Not only did Juror 8 stand by his principles and have the courage to stand against all the other Jurors, he also had the wits to convince his fellow jurors to change their verdict. Through these actions Juror 8 brings justice to the courts of New York city saving the life of a young boy.Show MoreRelatedFeminist Approach to Witchcraft; Case Study: Millers the Crucible6554 Words   |  27 PagesWitches in Arthur Millers The Crucible: A Feminist Reading Author(s): Wendy Schissel Publication Details: Modern Drama 37.3 (Fall 1994): p461-473. Source: Drama Criticism. Vol. 31. Detroit: Gale. From Literature Resource Center. Document Type: Critical essay Bookmark: Bookmark this Document Full Text: COPYRIGHT 2008 Gale, Cengage Learning Title Re(dis)covering the Witches in Arthur Millers The Crucible: A Feminist Reading [(essay date fall 1994) In the following essay, Schissel offers a feministRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesgoals. He had claimed a 160-acre homestead, which he farmed. In addition, he taught school and worked as a law clerk. His ultimate goal was to take the bar exam and practice law. When he learned blacks were not eligible to take the exam, Jim became angry and blamed the color line for blocking his progress. Searching for a better position, he eventually took a job in Mexico. Carrie refused to follow her husband. Instead, she traveled around the country, living with friends and relatives and workingRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 Pagesoffprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.  ©1998-2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® andRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesModel 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential Exercise Workforce Diversity

Financial Implications Return On Investment-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Financial Implications Including Return On Investment? Answer: Introduction The topic revolves around the concepts of implementing communication strategies and the impact of communication on emotions and behaviours of individuals. Communication between organisations is essential, and it is seen that if a senior person like manager or leader criticises an employee by using bad words "You stupid idiot", it will not only affect his emotions negatively but will also de-motivate him and furthermore deteriorate his performance (Downs Adrian, 2012). Internal Communication Plan/Strategy The internal communication strategy is developed for engaging the employees largely as well as enable proper advocacy program to focus on interacting with the staffs with ease and effectiveness. The manager or leader is responsible for developing internal communication strategies and ensure that all the staffs of the organisation interact with each other. Internal communication can also reduce chances of misunderstanding and negative mindset among individual when the leader will criticise or use bad words like "you stupid idiot", as seen from the case study (Goetsch Davis, 2014). PEST analysis The PEST analysis determines the political, economic, social and technological factors that can create an impact on the communication strategies (Conrad Poole, 2012). The political factors include the development of contracts and change in policies of Government, which can make the leaders talk to the co-workers politely and make sure that they are kept motivated and encouraged. This would allow them to perform better as well as enhance the organizational productivity (Kasper Kellerman, 2014). Economic The condition of the economy must be assessed and monitored for determining the market conditions and enable the leader to communicate with the employees and make them understand their roles and responsibilities to improve the workforce effectiveness (Downs Adrian, 2012). The development and implementation of communication strategies can help the managers and leaders to interact with the staffs frequently and ensure social welfare of individuals (Richmond, McCroskey Powell, 2012). The communication strategies can allow the manager to discuss certain matters with the employees and make him understand the mistakes done by him rather than blaming or criticising him (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Technological The internal communication within organisations is influenced by the implementation of latest technologies. The managers can send emails, messages and get involved in conversations to discuss the problems and ensure that no such bad words like idiot are used that can discourage the staffs (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). SWOT analysis Strengths Weaknesses The internal communication helps in forming good team structure Good relationship between manager and employees Internal communication reduces misunderstanding and creates positive emotions among employees when leaders or managers respond to them politely and motivate them (Conrad Poole, 2012). Using bad words like You stupid idiot is an offensive verbal message provided by the leader to employees. High turnover of staffs Poor performance and lack of production level (Kasper Kellerman, 2014). Opportunities Threats Enable employees to learn from their mistakes and perform harder. Communication with staffs and target markets too. Create dissatisfaction among staffs Deteriorate the organisations productivity Low performances issues (Downs Adrian, 2012) Identification of stakeholders and competitors The major stakeholders are employees, shareholders and the managers as well. It is important to fulfill the requirements of stakeholders keep them satisfied. The internal communication will enable the manager or leader not to use bad verbal messages and rather talk with them politely and make them understand their mistakes and how those can be rectified (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Reference to organisational business and strategic plans The employees through internal communication must properly understand the business goals and strategic plan. This would make them perform their roles properly and not commit any mistakes, which might make them listen to bad words by the manager that could affect their emotions negatively (Kasper Kellerman, 2014). Legal and ethical considerations Legal and ethical considerations can create a good culture and working atmosphere and allow employees to perform properly. This would make the leader praise their performance rather than de-motivating them through use of bad words (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). Organizational communication processes and protocols channels There is a necessity to present clear communication and prevent the communication barriers as well. The email conversations, chat messages, etc. are proper channels for enabling communicating rather than criticising the employees for his mistakes in front of the other employees. There could be language and cultural barriers, which might enable an individual not to understand what the others are saying and create issues (Conrad Poole, 2012). Financial implications including budgeting and return on investment Budgeting procedure can keep the financial attributes kept under control and motivate the staffs by providing them with training sessions for improving their performances. This would create a positive impact on their emotions and bring enhanced productivity through good rates of return as well (Downs Adrian, 2012). Use of traditional/ digital media Electronic media channels including emails, chat messages, video conferences can be effective for managing internal communication (Richmond, McCroskey Powell, 2012). Strategy for evaluating effectiveness of communication plan/strategy Internal communication strategy reduces the chances of misunderstanding among individual and creates better scopes for influencing the behaviours of workers easily rather than blaming them for their mistakes by using some bad words (Goetsch Davis, 2014). External Communication Plan/Strategy The political factors include Government laws, rules and regulations that allow the manager or leader to communicate with the external stakeholders like shareholders, business partners with ease (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). The growth in the economy can enable the organisation to invest money on training and development for rectifying the mistakes committed by outside people and furthermore ensure good messages are transferred to them so that a positive sense of belonging and behaviours are established (Conrad Poole, 2012). Managing external communications is useful for assessing the target markets and find out ways to fulfill their needs and requirements rather than criticising them (Kasper Kellerman, 2014). The advancement of technology has given rise of various digital communication media, which can improve the efficiency of external communications too. Strengths Weaknesses Create positive emotions among individuals Improves the organisations performance Improve problem solving skills Negative mindset created due to bad verbal messages exchanged Deteriorates the production level of organisation High turnover of employees (Richmond, McCroskey Powell, 2014). Opportunities Threats Fulfill requirements of external stakeholders Allow for business growth and engage external stakeholders together properly Employee turnover Degraded performance and threats of reduction of many employees (Downs Adrian, 2012) The external stakeholders are customers, shareholders or investors, suppliers, business partners and creditors and if they listen to any such bad words then they may feel discouraged, and there can be further lack of investments, low quality supplies delivered, etc. (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). Reference to organisational business and strategic plans Digital or electronic media could be used for compiling with the strategic plans and manage proper external communication as well (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Legal and ethical considerations The legal and ethical considerations are done for managing changes and improvements in the external communication process and furthermore ensure that every external individual with whom communication is done is treated properly with respect and dignity (Conrad Poole, 2012). Communication needs of external stakeholders Proper communication channels are established for fulfilling the needs of external communication and make sure that they understand them (Kasper Kellerman, 2014), do their roles and responsibilities with ease and no mistakes. Barriers to implementing the strategy Communication barriers, technology and cultural barriers can hinder the successful completion of external communication process too (Downs Adrian, 2012). Financial implications including return on investment The budget must be maintained for keeping costs under control, manage proper use of digital media for enhancing the efficiency of the external communication process, and furthermore gain good rate of return based on the investments made (Richmond, McCroskey Powell, 2012). Strategy for utilisation of digital media Accessing the media The manager must use the digital media to guide the team members in the right direction (Goetsch Davis, 2014). Contributing to and updating the media The up gradation of data is essential for improving the communication process effectiveness and manages good interaction with the stakeholders too (Ulmer, Sellnow Seeger, 2013). Monitoring the media Skilful individuals are assigned to use the digital or electronic media and ensure proper communication between individuals. This would also make sure that any bad verbal messages do not get exchanged between the managers and employees within the workplace (Kasper Kellerman, 2014). Evaluating the media The digital or electronic media has been chosen as effective for enhancing the efficiency of external communication strategy (Richmond, McCroskey Powell, 2012). Conclusion The topic included the various components required for developing a proper internal communication plan or strategy. The PEST analysis, SWOT analysis along with the stakeholders and strategic plans had been illustrated here as well. Information about channels of communication and financial implications such as budgeting and return on investments along with the utilisation and efficiency of digital media for enhancing the efficiency of communication strategy had been included here as well. References Conrad, C., Poole, M. S. (2012).Strategic organizational communication: in a global economy. John Wiley Sons. Downs, C. W., Adrian, A. D. (2012).Assessing organizational communication: Strategic communication audits. Guilford Press. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Kasper, G., Kellerman, E. (2014).Communication strategies: Psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic perspectives. Routledge. Richmond, V. P., McCroskey, J. C., Powell, L. (2012).Organizational communication for survival. Pearson Higher Ed. Ulmer, R. R., Sellnow, T. L., Seeger, M. W. (2013).Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Sage Publications.

The Nazi Party Essays - Nazi Germany, The Holocaust,

The Nazi Party History How, by 1932, had the Nazi Party become the largest Party in the Reichstag? Hitler's Nazi party came to power almost entirely because of accidents. In 1929 the American Stock Market crashed, a powerful symbol of the growing depression. Germany was particularly badly affected, since Germany's economy was partly dependent on Americas prosperity and a large number of loans made by America to Germany were called back and the German economy crashed. Since the German government suffered badly in the depression the existing Weimar government, put in place by the victorious allies, was blamed. Without the depression the government was not particularly liked since it was indecisive and it had not central power. Hitler used his twenty-five points from the beginning of the Nazi party. These were a set of promises appealing to everybody, they included elements of socialism and told people what they wanted to hear. They promised to stop reparations to the victors of the First World War, end unemployment, give a strong leadership and they attacked immigrants and particularly Jews. The twenty-five points were attractive to those most vulnerable to the depression, especially ex-soldiers, the unemployed and the middle classes. In the time of crisis the German people had swung to an extreme group, and the Nazis were an easy way out, more appealing than the Communists to the industrialists, and they were also attractive since they apparently promoted the old and respected German militaristic values. In the hard times they were effective since the democratic parties could not solve any of the problems facing Germany. In the 1930 elections the Nazis greatly increased the number of seats that they held in parliament, by 1932 they had nearly 200 seats, although they did not have a majority they were the largest single party.

Reducing resistance among employees

Reducing resistance among employees Resistance refers to the process through which people refuse to conform to changes. They do not like the change because of different reasons. In most cases, resistance is because the change will alter the comfort of doing things. People do not fancy the idea of adopting new ways of life and doing something.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reducing resistance among employees specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, having to move from one office because of work reshuffle, work from that another office, and doing other duties that are not enjoyable, especially, if it happens more often than it should happen. Many do not like such ideas and will resist them. Below are ratings showing the indicators of preventing, minimizing, and tolerating resistance. Preventing resistance The organization prepares the employees for the upcoming changes. To a great extent, almost not at all 5 4 3 21 The organization appreciate s the feelings of the employees and tries to find out how they will cope with changes. They use questionnaires to get this information. 5 4 3 2 1 The organization makes several changes together 5 4 3 21 The organization appreciates the opinion of their employees and encourages them to take part in the change. 5 43 2 1 The organization cares only about the information to give the participants. 54 3 2 1 Employees feel that it is their fault; the organization thought of installing changes. 5 4 3 2 1 The managing director of the organization does care about the opinion of others. 5 4 3 21 Preventing resistance total: 20 out of 35 points The level High MediumLow Minimizing resistance The organization works hard to identify the symptoms of resistance. 5 43 2 1 The organization works hard to make participants communicate their feelings on the changes. 5 4 32 1 The organization works hard to include resistors in the team making changes. 5 4 3 21 The organization make s a change as its culture in order to prepare employees psychologically. 54 3 2 1 The organization celebrated the success of all employees and the organization in general. 5 4 3 21 The organization ensures that knowledge is available for everyone in all activities. 5 43 2 1 Employees in the organization feel that the organization is fair in terms of remuneration. 54 3 2 1 Minimizing resistance total: 25 The level HighMedium Low Tolerance resistance I like changes in the organization and always take them positively. 5 4 3 21 I do not socialize with employees or individuals who resist change in the organization. 5 43 2 1 I hate friction at work, and I enjoy making peace with people. 5 4 3 2 1 The organization is fair in its award. The organization awards the best performing participants. 54 3 2 1 I familiarize myself with the new changes in order to ensure that I qualify for the job 5 4 32 1 I respect the values of the organization, take change positively, and work towards adapting to it 5 4 3 2 1 Tolerating resistance total: 19 Tolerating level High Medium Low Other factors of reducing resistance There are three ways to prevent resistance. These are as follows: the first is to prevent resistance through the introduction of the change gradually in that organization, the second is to take time and prepare the employees psychologically for change through making suggestions that hint at the changes. Allowing employees to give their suggestions on the change is the third way of preventing resistance to change. This gives them the feeling that they contributed in the change implementation process (Avey Luthans, 2008, pp.48-70).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Several approaches can help minimize resistance to change. Three of these are as listed in this paragraph. The first is to ensure employee motivation through gener ous remuneration packages. Another way is to encourage change in the organization by celebrating successes of employees (Van Schyns, 2008, pp. 313-334). Lastly, resisting parties should have an opportunity to suggest collaborative methods with the new change. Finally, a person can use three approaches to tolerate resistance. The first is through accepting change because, otherwise, the employers will lay them off. Ensuring that rules are strict and all employees follow them strictly is the second. The third is restructuring the firm and reshuffling the employees, this way they will feel as if they are starting afresh and will most probably accept the change (Spiro, 2011, p. 69). In conclusion, resistance from employees can be changed by ensuring that employees take part in the change process. It is always advisable for employees to accept change in the organization in order to cope with it soonest possible. In most cases, change will make some employees feel out of place because th eir qualification does not allow them to do that job. This will help them to upgrade, otherwise, they will have to lose their job because the organization cannot work with people not fit for the job. References Avey, J, Wernsing, T, Luthans, F. (2008). Can positive employees help positive organizational change: Impact of Psychological Capital and Emotions on Relevant Attitudes and Behaviors? The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 44 (1), 48-70. Spiro, J. (2011). Leading Change Step-By-Step: Tactics, Tools, and Tales. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Van Dam, K., Oreg, S., Schyns, B. (2008). Daily work contexts and resistance to organizational change: The role of leader–member exchange, development climate, and change process characteristics. Applied Psychology, 57 (2), 313-334.

Australia’s Recent Economic Performance

The macroeconomic policies of a country are the most important policies and these policies play significant role in the economic growth of the company. These also decide the economic position of the country as well as decide the direction of the economy of the country. There are several different types of the macroeconomic policies and among them most important policies are fiscal policy, monetary policy as well as exchange rate policy (Barbieri and Pezzini, 2001). The fiscal policy of a country helps to allocate the budget of the country’s necessary development and other requisites. The monetary policies of the government help in allocating the fund in correct investment option so that the country can able to achieve the desirable economic growth. In addition to that the exchange rate policy helps the government to maintain the rate of domestic currency as compared to the standard international currency. In Australia the government put great emphasis on developing effective m acroeconomic policies in order to ensure the desirable high growth rate for the country (Brittle, 2010). This report is an attempt to analysis the macroeconomic policies of Australia, which help in improving the growth of the country.  Ã‚   The Australian Government has taken significant economic policies, which help the country to establish substantial growth for the country. The government of Australia has been at the front position for utilizing the fiscal policies in order to minimizing the macroeconomics effects of the financial crisis, which influence the global economy (De Menil, Portes and Sinn, 2008). The Australian Government can do so as the debt of the country is minute compared to the international standard. Even after many years of fiscal deficits, the net government debt is remaining lower than 10% of the GDP of the country. This compares positively with the debt ratio of the United Nations Government of around 70%. The country has implemented sustainable fiscal policies, that needs the debt of public does not enhance connecting to the GDP in long term. The gross domestic product of Australia has expanded up to 0.7% in December 2015, in comparison to upward revised 1.2% growth in previous quarter and the market consequences (Fender, 2012). The expenditure on consumption is positively contributed to the expansion, net exports and investment also contributed to the growth of GDP.   The growth of economy is around 3% by accelerating from the upward revised 2.8% in September quarter and thus beating the expectation. Therefore, it is considered to be the fastest growth since the third quarter of the year 2012. The growth rate of GDP in the country is around 0.88% from the year 1959 to 2015. The growth rate reached to 4.50% in the first quarter of the year 1976 and recorded low at the rate -2% in second quarter of the year 1974. The current economic performance of the country is good and is supported by high production level (Freebairn, 2003). It is also a significant contributor of the five sectors that is expected to drive the future global development: education, agribusiness, mining, wealth management, and tourism. The structural reforms of the government of Australia can face decade of deficits due to the increase in the spending on the older households. The repaying costs will fall on the younger households. The Australian GDP is seemed to be expanded for the last quarter of the year 2015 and it also seems to be upward rising in with the growth percentage of the 2.7 percent and thus the expectations are seemed to be fastening the expansions that are required for the proper enhancement of the resources for the utilisation of the resources in the Australia. The growth rate of the country Australia is enhanced at the third quarter of the 2012 whose GDP annual growth is seemed to be fastening the expansion of at the rate of the 9 percent. Thus the bureau of the statistics also shows the growth of the economy in the country of the Australia also helps in the development of the economy of the country of the Australia. Thus the country Australia’s national GDP seems to be increasing at the next year of second year of at the low interest rate of the GDP and thus it also shows the growth of the -3.50 percent which also helps in the creation of the statistics of the Australian Bureau of the statistics (Abs.gov.au, 2016). The structural ref orms of the government of Australia can face decade of deficits due to the increase in the spending on the older households. The repaying costs will fall on the younger households. Hence,   the Australian economic centre seems to be dominated by the services sectors and thus it also helps in the increment of the success of the of the other sectors including the mining sectors that are require for the proper enhancement of the percentage at the rate of 13.5 % and thus it also helps in showing the key developments in the commodity of the exports and the imports and thus it also helps in the proper increment   of the investments in   the infrastructural services for the proper enhancement of the sectors data. Thus the Australian GDP also shows the actual values of the Australian GDP shows the historical and the forecasting of the economic calendars that are related to the new releases of the year.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, it would be difficult for the government of Australia for next ten years (Tawadros, 2016). Therefore, the commonwealth government is funding to adopt and implement new policies. Apart from this, government of Australia is still to respond the scale of the budget challenges. These challenges are difficult to overcome as the government does not have enough funds to purchase the reform. The sustainability of economy depends on the government policies (Friedman, 2000). The policies implemented by the government are reducing the superannuation tax, changing the capital gain tax and the negative gearings,   introducing broad property levy and broadening the goods and service tax.   The country has significant economic policies, which help substantial economic growth of the country. The GDP of the country is stable from the last several years as well as improved substantially in last few years.   a). The companies providing incentive for work to the employees and innovation via reduction in organization and income tax might constrain the desired policy setting and outcomes. The strategies can affect the policy setting of the country (Relative fiscal capacities of the States 2006, 2006). The government can have a significance influence on incentives that affects investment, innovation and taking decisions whether the workforce should participate or not and all the drivers for development. The incentives are influenced by disciplines imposed by the competitive markets. The reduction in the income tax can affect the income source of government (Gruen, 2005). The approach of the government to the fiscal policy is significant to imparting credibility and certainty to the market through application of the macroeconomic policies. The creditability policy contributes to the reduced uncertainty and thus creating more attractive business environment. The disciplined fiscal policy with credibility over medium terms allows the business to make decision regarding investment with greater confidence. The rates of payments which include their adequacy should be balanced against the impacts on the incentives for the employees to get off the welfare (Gruen, 2005). Therefore, the economic policy settings through the welfare and tax system impact on the work incentives and it should be frame in such a way that avoids the discouragement of employees.  Ã‚   When the government of the country reduced the income tax rate along with the tax for the companies, the government do so for promoting the business activities of the countries. When the income tax reduced for the individuals of the country the citizens have more money and they can expense more thus, the cash flow in the market is increasing and there is more liquid money in the market so the growth of the market is increasingly increased and from the growth rate of the market the economy of the country use to be booste d significantly. In case of reducing tax for the companies the companies have more liquid money, which the companies can invest in the future development of the companies and it help in prospectus growth and development of the country and its economy. The economy is boosted by these particular novel policies, which is different from the traditional economic policies. By these economic policies the government of country use to take substantial risk as by this policy the taxation income of the country will be reduced and the wealth of the country will be reduced initially but at the same time it open huge potentiality of growth and economic development of the country. The policy of reducing income tax and the company tax is innovative taxation policy of the government of the country that substantially help the country to improve its economic growth and development. At the time when the countries, in order to encourage the investment and growth of the companies of the country reduce the income tax rate as well as company taxes, which lead to deficit in the budget as the tax collection from the income tax Act of the countries as well as from the others taxes which are levied to the companies performing their business activities within the constituency of the country. By reducing the taxes the wealth collecting from the taxation will be reduced initially, however, it encourage the companies within the country to do more investment as well as this policies encourage the companies to do expansion for the growth and development of the company (Gumus, 2011). Therefore, in order to proceeding expansion the companies have to use several government facilities and have to provide taxes for availing the facilities and so that the taxation wealth of the country will be increased. Besides this, it helps in the growth of the market as due to this policy of go vernment to reduce company and income tax the market use to be growing substantially (Nagel, 2000). Moreover, in this way the economy of the country will be growing. In case of reducing the income tax, the taxpayer citizens of the country will get more money in their hand so they incline to buy more or they use to expense more in this case the market use to grow substantially (ItoÃÅ'„ and Rose, 2008). Therefore, by the help of this policy the government can be able to improve the economy of the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   b). When the central bank of the country takes initiatives for lowering the interest rate, it plays significant role stimulating the economic activities within the country as several organizations use to take finance from the banks in order to improve their business activities so that the companies can be able to establish desirable growth and development (Kincaid and Shah, 2007). The decrease in the interest will help in the development of the economic activity of Australia. The price growth can also be controlled of the houses so that the middle and low income group family can afford for the houses. Therefore, the affordability of the houses can be improved with the lower rate of interest and decreasing the rate of price of the houses. It has been concluded that the housing policy in the country is inappropriate that affected the housing affordability of lower income and middle income group of the people. It has been forecasted that the rise in the price of the houses imposes negat ive impact on the people of the country. The decrease in the rate of interest of the houses will encourage the lower and middle income group of the people. The increase in the rate of interest and decrease in the   price of the houses will enable to afford houses. The tax amount should be reduced and the combination of the Negative gearing and capital gain tax has contributed problems to the affordability of the houses all across the country. The decrease in the interest rates and price of the houses will help to increase in the investment in houses and attracts more number of investors towards purchasing of houses in the country. The complexities in the changes in the price of the houses have created difficulties in front of the government of the country. However, decrease in the rate of interest and decrease in the principle price will increase the affordability of the houses among the investors and other people. In the following policy banks play an important role as they provi de loan to the people for different purposes as well as for the housing in the country.   The policies and factors should help in the growth and appropriate development of the country.                Therefore, in case of lowering interest rate by the central bank of the country a boom in the market can be evident as the economic activities by the companies use to be improved substantially by the governmental policy of the country. At the time, when the price of the housing is growing the lowering in the interest rate help in improving the affordability of the housing as the customers of the housing can obtain the house in lower rate of interest and thus the tendency of buying a new house will be increased and maximum number of people incline to buy new house thus, a boom can be evident in the real estate industry (Monacelli and Perotti, 2010).   The government of Australia should undertake reforms on the spending and revenue side. The government is focusing on cutting down the spending. The government has reduced the budget for the foreign aid and the savings have been proposed for primary care, welfare through the changes in arrangement in the benefits and eligibility threshold and primary care. The revenue measures can help the government to improve the budget deficit and other policies.      Ã‚  Ã‚   Barbieri, S. and Pezzini, M. (2001).  OECD territorial reviews. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Brittle, S. (2010). Ricardian Equivalence and the Efficacy of Fiscal Policy in Australia.Australian Economic Review, 43(3), pp.254-269. De Menil, G., Portes, R. and Sinn, H. (2008).  Economic policy. [Oxford]: [Blackwell]. Fender, J. (2012).  Monetary policy. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Freebairn, J. (2003). Economic policy for rural and regional Australia.  Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 47(3), pp.389-414. Friedman, B. (2000).  Monetary policy. Cambridge, MA.: National Bureau of Economic Research. Gruen, D. (2005). The Evolution of Fiscal Policy in Australia.  Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 21(4), pp.618-635. Gruen, D. (2005). The Evolution of Fiscal Policy in Australia.  Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 21(4), pp.618-635. Gumus, I. (2011). Exchange Rate Policy and Sovereign Spreads in Emerging Market Economies.  Review of International Economics, 19(4), pp.649-663. ItoÃÅ'„, T. and Rose, A. (2008).  International financial issues in the Pacific Rim. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Kincaid, J. and Shah, A. (2007).  The practice of fiscal federalism. MontreÃÅ' al: Published for Forum of Federations = Forum des feÃÅ' deÃÅ' rations and iacfs by McGill-Queen's University Press. Monacelli, T. and Perotti, R. (2010). Fiscal Policy, the Real Exchange Rate and Traded Goods*.  The Economic Journal, 120(544), pp.437-461. Nagel, S. (2000).  Handbook of global economic policy. New York: Marcel Dekker. Relative fiscal capacities of the States 2006. (2006). Canberra, A.C.T.: Commonwealth Grants Commission. Tawadros, G. (2016). Asymmetric monetary policy rules in Australia.  Applied Economics, pp.1-15.9-24-14 [Accessed 29 May 2016].

Historical Systems of Power, Governance, and Authority Essay

Historical Systems of Power, Governance, and Authority - Essay Example The attitude of British rulers towards Indians fostered Hindu Muslim hatred. Indian nationalism was damaged by the discriminatory policy of British rulers. Undue favor to the Hindus at the start of British rule created lot of doubts and suspicions in Muslims’ mind. The situation changed when the British policy started favoring Muslims at the start of 20th Century. It resulted in fury and anger by Hindu population. Thus policy of British colonist helped them in extending their rule as the focus of Indian population was never on outside rulers instead they were focusing on each other. British rule also introduced political parties, which gave the impression of power and governance to the local population. This was a good tool to fool Indian population. The reality of political parties became evident when the proposed reforms by Indian political parties were hardly entertained by British parliament. Indian legislative assembly was not independent and could not make rules for itse lf. In fact all the legislation for India was done by British parliament. British rulers were aware of the fact that it would be difficult for them to rule a huge Indian population therefore they introduced some projects to indulge Indian population in those projects and made them subordinate.

Ethical and Human Issues in Health Care Research Paper

Ethical and Human Issues in Health Care - Research Paper Example Health inequities generate issues that deeply question our moral convictions. Any society should provide its members with the requisite conditions for attaining the best possible health, as this leads to a contented and useful life. Such is the demand of justice in health. This viewpoint renders a global community unjust if it permits the premature demise of individuals. It should, in fact, promote the economic and social conditions that are essential for preserving life (Ruger, 2006, p. 1002). A segregation of the members of society on the basis of deprivation is to be achieved. This in turn clearly identifies the individuals who are in urgent need of access to health care. It is important to realize that this intervention does not abandon the improvement of the average health (Ruger, 2006, p. 1002). Moreover, the provision of medical facilities to the groups occupying the center of the ill health spectrum is not discarded in this endeavor. Consequently, universal health coverage is promoted with regard to diseases such as AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis (Ruger, 2006, p. 1002). These diseases have been seen to be prevalent to a much greater extent among the disadvantaged sections of society. Moreover, there is a close correlation between global health and health and human rights. This relationship is founded on the inherent value of every individual and the rights of a person that derive from the local and international community. It is the objective of global health to ensure these rights.

Developments in Iraq After United States Involvement Essay -- essays r

Ask anyone about the current issues in Iraq and you will hear a multitude of answers, questions, remarks, backlash, and support for our countries involvement. Sure some things could have been done better, some things could have been avoided completely, but when you talk to someone who has personally witnessed 184 women setting themselves on fire in protest to the way men are treating them you can’t help but admire the change today. With the help of US and various foreign countries, Iraq is rebuilding itself from the ground up, repairing itself from previous dictatorship. There are three major concerns in Iraq, political freedom (including freedom of religion), women’s rights, and better education. These issues are far from being resolved, but they have also moved far from where they were before. According to President Bush, the US is looking to help â€Å"build a government that answers to its people and honors their country’s unique heritage.† In doing so US troops are helping train military forces and elect leaders, who interestingly enough 85 are women, this coming from a country that dismissed women’s rights. Iyad Allawi, Iraq's Interim Prime Minister believes â€Å"that the unity of the country will be enhanced [and] will be strengthened by the process of an election.† The new government will consist of a 275 member Transitional National Assembly, a Presidency council, provincial councils and a Kurdistan National Assembly. Currently Iraq is working under a Interim constitution, b...

Financial analysis report

Letter of internal control from external auditors 5. Minutes of board meetings 3. Energy sector analysis Energy is considered to be the lifeline of economic development. For a developing economy with a high population growth rate, it is important to keep a balance between energy supply and emerging needs. If corrective measures are not effectively anticipated significant constraints start emerging for development activities. The rise in global energy demand has raised questions regarding energy security and increased the focus on diversification, generation and efficient allocation.The answer lies in the attainment of optimal energy mix through fuel substitution by promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy and interregional co-operation. However, oil and natural gas will continue to be the world's top two energy sources through 2040. Pakistanis economy has been growing at an average growth rate of almost 3 percent for the last four years and demand of energy both at production and consumer end is increasing rapidly. Pakistanis total energy consumption stood at 38. Million tones of oil equivalent in 2010-11. The relative importance of the various sources Of energy consumption of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LAP), electricity and coal has been broadly similar since 2005-06. The share of gas consumption stood at the highest equal to 43. Percent of the total energy mix of the country, followed by oil (29. 0 percent). 3. 1 crude Oil The total supply of crude oil for the fiscal year 2010-11 was 75. 3 million barrels. The 68. 1 percent was imported and 31. 9 percent was locally extracted. 3. Natural Gas The consumption of increasing natural gas is rapidly. As on December 31st 201 1, the balance recoverable natural gas reserves have been estimated at 24. 001 Trillion Cubic Feet. The average production of natural gas during July- March 2011-12 was 4236. 06 million cubic feet per day (Emcee) as against 4050. 64 (Emcee) during the corresponding period of last year, showin g an increase Of 4. 57 percent. Natural gas is used in general industry to prepare consumer items, to produce cement and to generate electricity.In the form of CNN, it is used in transport sector and most importantly to manufacture fertilizer to boost the agricultural sector. Currently 27 private and public sector companies are engaged in oil and gas exploration & production activities. 3. 3 Liquefied Petroleum Gas-LAP LAP currently contributes only 0. 5 percent to the total primary energy supply in the country. However, 87 percent of its demand is met through local production. The rest is imported. This lower share is mainly due to local apply constraints and the higher price of LAP in relation to competing fuels like fuel wood, dung etc.Currently, in Pakistan, out of 27 million households, approximately 6 million are connected to the natural gas network while the rest are relying on LAP and conventional fuels such as coal, firewood, kerosene, biomass etc. LAP has thus become a pop ular domestic fuel for those who live in areas where the natural gas infrastructure does not exist. The annual total supply of LAP remained 467,476 tones; 1 , 281 tones were produced daily during 201 2, out of this 46 percent is produced in the private sector while 54 percent is produced in the public sector. Financial analysis report Letter of internal control from external auditors 5. Minutes of board meetings 3. Energy sector analysis Energy is considered to be the lifeline of economic development. For a developing economy with a high population growth rate, it is important to keep a balance between energy supply and emerging needs. If corrective measures are not effectively anticipated significant constraints start emerging for development activities. The rise in global energy demand has raised questions regarding energy security and increased the focus on diversification, generation and efficient allocation.The answer lies in the attainment of optimal energy mix through fuel substitution by promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy and interregional co-operation. However, oil and natural gas will continue to be the world's top two energy sources through 2040. Pakistanis economy has been growing at an average growth rate of almost 3 percent for the last four years and demand of energy both at production and consumer end is increasing rapidly. Pakistanis total energy consumption stood at 38. Million tones of oil equivalent in 2010-11. The relative importance of the various sources Of energy consumption of Liquid Petroleum Gas (LAP), electricity and coal has been broadly similar since 2005-06. The share of gas consumption stood at the highest equal to 43. Percent of the total energy mix of the country, followed by oil (29. 0 percent). 3. 1 crude Oil The total supply of crude oil for the fiscal year 2010-11 was 75. 3 million barrels. The 68. 1 percent was imported and 31. 9 percent was locally extracted. 3. Natural Gas The consumption of increasing natural gas is rapidly. As on December 31st 201 1, the balance recoverable natural gas reserves have been estimated at 24. 001 Trillion Cubic Feet. The average production of natural gas during July- March 2011-12 was 4236. 06 million cubic feet per day (Emcee) as against 4050. 64 (Emcee) during the corresponding period of last year, showin g an increase Of 4. 57 percent. Natural gas is used in general industry to prepare consumer items, to produce cement and to generate electricity.In the form of CNN, it is used in transport sector and most importantly to manufacture fertilizer to boost the agricultural sector. Currently 27 private and public sector companies are engaged in oil and gas exploration & production activities. 3. 3 Liquefied Petroleum Gas-LAP LAP currently contributes only 0. 5 percent to the total primary energy supply in the country. However, 87 percent of its demand is met through local production. The rest is imported. This lower share is mainly due to local apply constraints and the higher price of LAP in relation to competing fuels like fuel wood, dung etc.Currently, in Pakistan, out of 27 million households, approximately 6 million are connected to the natural gas network while the rest are relying on LAP and conventional fuels such as coal, firewood, kerosene, biomass etc. LAP has thus become a pop ular domestic fuel for those who live in areas where the natural gas infrastructure does not exist. The annual total supply of LAP remained 467,476 tones; 1 , 281 tones were produced daily during 201 2, out of this 46 percent is produced in the private sector while 54 percent is produced in the public sector.

Lewis Acid-Base Reaction Definition and Examples

A Lewis acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction that forms at least one covalent bond between an electron pair donor (Lewis base) and an electron pair acceptor (Lewis acid). The general form of a Lewis acid-base reaction is: A B- → A-B where A is an electron acceptor or Lewis acid, B- is an electron donor or Lewis base, and A-B is a coordinate covalent compound. Significance of Lewis Acid-Base Reactions Most of the time, chemists apply the  Brà ¸nsted  acid-base  theory (Brà ¸nsted-Lowry) in which acids act as proton donors and bases are proton acceptors. While this works well for many chemical reactions, it doesnt always work, particularly when applied to reactions involving gases and solids. The Lewis theory focuses on electrons rather than proton transfer, allowing for prediction of many more acid-base reactions. Example Lewis Acid-Base Reaction While  Brà ¸nsted theory cannot explain the formation of complex ions with a central metal ion, Lewis acid-base theory sees the metal as the Lewis Acid and the ligand of the coordination compound as a Lewis Base. Al3 6H2O â‡Å' [Al(H2O)6]3 The aluminum metal ion has an unfilled valence shell, so it acts as an electron acceptor or Lewis acid. Water has lone pair electrons, so it can donate electrons to serve as the anion or Lewis base.

Hunger and Poverty Essay - 806 Words

Hunger and Poverty Hunger and Poverty During the course of this particular essay, I will prove to you many points. Maybe not to the extreme that it will change one’s thought processes on the subject of hunger and world poverty, but enough to form a distinction between moral obligation and moral capacity. What I will not mention is the fact that Peter Singer’s outdated material (1971), though thorough in the sense of supporting his view on hunger and world poverty as well as examining this school of thought, is unconvincing to say the least. As our recent past has shown us, using Somalia and Rwanda as models, no amount of money or time on earth can come between a civil war. Terrible things happen, innocent people are slain in the names of†¦show more content†¦He does not attempt to provide if, ands, or exceptions to this rule, which I find, at the least, â€Å"morally unconstitutional.† Granted this is only a school of thought, that type of thought is considerably dangerous in the sense that it eliminates the right of individual happiness. This thought, which Singer attributes to the fact that we are all part of the â€Å"global community,† provides little reasoning to make a person honestly consider the act of help. Who is to say what is considered to be of comparable moral significance? Does Singer honestly believe that the typical American citizen, after reading one of his manifestos, will turn down the 57† projection television and opt for the 13† one, and then send the money they saved to the African War Baby Relief Fund? Hell no. For all we know, Singer may argue that a television is not a comparably moral significant item. And in today’s society and culture, that is not a reasonable end. Singer uses St. Thomas Aquinas (12th century Italian theologian and philosopher) as a reference to his philosophical view, and although Aquinas was one of the foremost experts on religion and humanism, he is not living in the 21st cent ury. Singer’s views border a utopian society, and although they sound good, they prove impossible. John Arthur, who’s essay â€Å"Rights and the Duty to Bring Aid,† looks to disprove Singer’s theory and, at the least, provide an alternative that wouldShow MoreRelatedPoverty And Hunger : Hunger1542 Words   |  7 PagesHardy Social Problems SOC S-163-Sect. 29531 08 April 2016 Poverty and Hunger Hunger impacts 48.1 million Americans; 46.7 million of them live in poverty. According to Feeding America, seventy percent of their clients are at one hundred percent below the federal poverty line (â€Å"Hunger and Poverty Facts†, 2016). Poverty is the social factor, which creates and sustains hunger. 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Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger (â€Å"Extreme poverty rates have been cut by more than half since 1990†) a. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than $1.25 a day i. Goal was met by 2010 ii. Since 1990, over 1 billion people have been lifted from extreme poverty iii. In 1990, almost 50% of people in developing nations lived on less than $1.25 a day. In 2015, it is only 14%. b. Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including

I Hate Violence And Violence - 2205 Words

I Hate Violence Violence is defined as exertion of a physical force so as to injure or abuse. It is an intense turbulent and furious and often destructive action or physical force used to harm someone. Strong angry passion and acting hastily, in a hateful manner to the detriment of another, is simply unacceptable. We, and I mean each individual human being, has to be their filter. Yes, I recognize that we are of many, many different shapes, sizes, colors personalities and abilities, but we always were, yet as we went from extremely simple living, (small communities of people who relied on one another for daily survival) to large industrial computerized nations, our reliance on each other has diminished significantly. Society has shaped and become oblivious to varying degrees of violence, and way to many excuses, pardon me, reasons are given as to why an individual acts in a certain way. To me, we as a species are condoning some pretty horrific actions in this ignorant world and we are not being respectful of each other’s rights. Violence is one of those acts I strongly detest and oppose. There are so many facets of violence, such as violence against women, children, races, religions, cultures, elders, bisexuals, homosexuals, nationalities and transgender people that I could get on a platform here but I will lead the focus to one area of violence, transgender violence. Degrees of violence has been condoned and justified by society against all people, men and womenShow MoreRelatedViolence in Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare.1683 Words   |  7 Pagesamongst others. In Romeo and Juliet, violence is one of the key ideas that link every incident together. It pushes the story forward and makes things happen. Shakespeare produces visions of violence in nearly every scene, every moment of the play. 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In resetting our society, it is essential to acknowledge and respect differingRead MoreWhy should the internet have more restrictions?700 Words   |  3 Pages38% reported exposure to violence online and off-line were associated with violent crimes. (Ybarra 929) Tested websites included news related websites that showed terrorism, war, and death. As a teenage female living in a v irtual world, I know for a fact that anyone has access to view pornography or violence at the click of their finger. Even relaxing on social media websites have become a danger to the minds of youth from all the inappropriate ads that pop up to the side. I believe the governmentRead MoreThe Misconception Of Hate Groups902 Words   |  4 Pages The Misconception of Hate Groups Introduction-Did you know that the Ku Klux Klan (a white supremacist hate group) resides in about 22 states and counting. There are many hate groups all over the U.S. that cause a lot of violence which may lead to death and many injuries. 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Now, before I dive into this very controversial subject, I should probably define what hate crime laws are so you will have a better understanding of what I am talking about. As I have understood it, hate crime laws are laws that protect certain minorities or groups from bias motivated violence and harassmentRead MoreLove The Way You Lie by Robyn Rihanna Essay1270 Words   |  6 Pagesregardless of their age or social status. This song talks about a love and hate relationship between a man and a woman. Therefore, it talks about the paradox of lifes nature. There are no simple and single meanings. Each concept and idea exist in the form of dualism, and this is the exact piece of knowledge that the song takes for granted. All the verses of the song highlight this constant and non-stop fight between love and hate and give the portrait of the two people, representatives of both sexes

Coastal and waterway transport contracts in India Free Essays

The Bill of Lading governs the documented aspect, the insurance is as a support, the merchant shipping act governs the rights and liabilities of the parties and the Carriage of goods act governs the disputes in matter of the marine Contracts and the carriage of goods. Objective of the study . The objective of making this project is to study and research on Coastal and Waterway Transport contracts in India which is very important from the point of law of contracts. We will write a custom essay sample on Coastal and waterway transport contracts in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. The main objective of my study is to deduce and find out the procedure of how the contracts are formed during a shipping agreement and the rights and liabilities of efferent people during a same contract 3. All these concepts are different and various cases have given different Judgments upon different situations. 4. Also I came to know about how these concepts are varied in different nations like United States of America and United Kingdom. Research questions – The research is mainly based on these questions:l . How did the coastal and waterway transport contracts evolve in India? . Which acts and statutes have been set up for these types of contracts? 3. Explain the procedure of how does the coastal contracts work and the documents needed for the same. 4. What is the importance of the Bill of Lading in these types of contracts? 31 Page 5. How does insurance play an important role in these contracts? 6. Mention the Comparative study of India with US and I-J in these types of contracts. 7. Please give needful suggestion for the topic and how to improve the position of coastal and waterway transport contract in India. Limitation of the project:l . In addition in all contracts of carriage of goods by sea, there were implied undertakings by the carrier that the carrying vessel was seaworthy and that the ship would commence and carry cut the contractual voyage with reasonable diligence without unjustifiable deviation. The Bill of lading was the basic shipping document, evidencing the contractual relationship between carrier and shipper and forming the basis of all claims arising from the transportation of goods by sea. It was originally a non-negotiable document but with the growth of commerce the need was felt for transferring the property in the goods before the arrival of the goods at the destination by endorsing the bill of lading to the buyer and the practice came to be established of issuing â€Å"negotiable† bill of lading. The early bills of lading contained only the common law exception. As time passed, however, ship-owners began generally to amend their bills of lading by introducing exemption clauses and thereby limit contractually the strict liability imposed upon them by maritime law. As and when court decision went against the carriers, they introduced more and more protective or pardoning clauses in the bill of lading and depending upon their bargaining position at a time when the volume of world trade exceeded the carrying capacity of shipping, there sought to exempt themselves from practically every liability of ocean carriage. This resulted in growing satisfaction among shippers, bankers and underwriters who demanded legislation to remove the abuse produced by unlimited freedom of contract enjoyed by the http://www. Livening. Mom/Opinion/hkC9ZcvCbqlWbB141 Lends/After-years-of-neglect- India-wakes-up-toccatas-inland-WA. HTML, last accessed on 27th July 1 up. M. 5 Page carriers, the results was that several countries enacted legislation on the subject. The Harpers Act was enacted by USA in 1893 followed by the Australian Carriage of goods by Sea Act in 1904, The New Zealand Shipping and Seaman Act in 1908 and the Canadian Water Carriage Act in 1910. The Harder Act aimed at protection of cargo interests, prohibited clauses exonerating the carrier or his agents from liability for faults in the care and custody of the cargo but at the same time. The Act provided that the carrier was not to be held liable for results of newsworthiness if he had exercised due diligence to make the ship seaworthy and if the damage caused to the cargo resulted from faults and errors in the navigation or management of the vessel. The Harpers Act thus established an important principle in that it settled the problem f the carriers liability by making a distinction between faults in the management and navigation of the vessel and faults in the care and custody of cargo. How to cite Coastal and waterway transport contracts in India, Papers

The Alien Tort Statute

Question: Write a summary of the case under The Alien Tort Statute perspective? Answer: In the year 1992, Myanmar oil gave license to Total S A (French corporation) to produce, transport and sell natural gas from Yadana fields in Myanmar. The project involved extraction and transportation of natural gas from interiors of Myanmar to Thailand. Unocal Corporation, which was a wholly owned subsidiary of Union Oil Company of California, entered into joint venture with 28% stake in the gas production. The production and transportation of the natural gas was assisted by the Myanmar military known as the State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC), which was responsible for protecting the pipeline. Despite being aware of the history of human rights violation of SLORC, Unocal and Total entered into an agreement with SLORC for clearing the pipeline route and ensuring security of the pipeline. SLORC soldiers forced relocation of the natives, confiscated their property and forced them to act as laborers and even tortured and murdered. Villagers lost their homes and were dispossessed of their crops and livestock. They had no means to earn their livelihood and were forced to work for SLORC. The SLORC officials also raped the village females, while imposing forced labor in relation to the pipeline, on the male members of the family. Villagers filed a suit under the Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA), against Unocal against the atrocities committed by the military, in the process of providing security to the pipeline. There are three basic requirements for a claim under the ATCA (i) claim by an alien; (ii) allegation of tort ; and (iii) violation of international law. The third requirement was under dispute before the court and it was held that actions of forced labour, torture, murder are jus cogens violations and hence violative of law of nations as was also observed in the case of United States v. Matta-Ballesteros, (1995). Barrington (2002) suggested that forced labor has been included in the definition of slavery by the 13th amendment of the constitution and is also prohibited under the law of nations, wherein individual liability is attributed and it does not require state action. In Doe v. Unocal Corporation, (1997), the District court had concluded that Unocal knew that tort of forced labor was conducted and benefitted by the joint venture. The Court of Appeals for 9th Circuit relied on the principle propounded in the case of Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina, (1992) that in ATCA cases, domestic law is not to be applied because violations of the international law are alleged, which are binding on the nations even if they do not agree to them. It was also held that practical assistance to the Myanmar Military for torts was provided by Unocal and there was no requirement to prove that Unocal controlled the military. Accordingly, mens rea and actus reus for imposing liability under ATCA to ai d and abet forced labour, murder and rape could be attributed to Unocal. The matter was referred to en banc panel of 11 judges at 9th Circuit Court and trial was to begin from June 2005. In the interim, Unocal settled the matter in March 2005 and agreed to pay compensation to the plaintiffs. References United States v. Matta-Ballesteros (1995) 71 F.3d 754, 764 n.5 (9th Circuit). Barrington T (2002) The Thirteenth Amendment and Slavery in the Global Economy. Columbia Law Review, 102, 973-1050. Doe v. Unocal Corporation ( 1997) 963 F. Supp. 880 (C.D. Cal.). Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina (1992) 965 F.2d 699, 714-15 (9th Circuit).

Chipotle External Analysis Essay Example

Chipotle External Analysis Essay Restaurant Industry: Chipotle Mexican Grille, Inc. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chipotle Overview3 Industry Overview3 Key Macro External Forces4 Five Competitive Forces4 Major Factors Causing Fundamental Changes4 External Analysis4 Key (or Critical) Success Factors4 APPENDIX – 14 APPENDIX – 24 External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix4 APPENDIX – 34 Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM)4 APPENDIX – 44 APPENDIX – 54 Content Topics4 Bibliography18 Chipotle Overview Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. is a â€Å"fast-food service restaurant† under limited service category. It was formed in 1993 and went public in 2006. It has the largest market share in the Mexican-type food segment with a net income of more than $126M in 2009 (Mergent online, 2010). The company spans over 35 states and has over 1000 restaurants across the U. S. and in parts of Columbia district, Canada and England. Chipotle’s menu consists of burritos, tacos, burrito bowls (a burrito without the tortilla), salads, and a variety of extras such as guacamole, salsas and tortilla chips seasoned with lime and kosher salt, cheese, lettuce. The company claims that with its varieties of extras, it’s able to expand its menu offerings to over 65,000 choices (Hoover, 2010). Industry Overview The U. S. fast-food industry is expected to generate total revenues of $184. 0 billion in 2010, which is equal to a 0. 32% share of the economy. Over the next five years (2010 to 2015), the revenue for the industry is expected to grow at a rate of 2. 5% per year to $208. 2 billion (Appendix 1 – Table 1). Due to the projected improvement of the domestic economy, the number of establishments and the number of enterprises are forecasted to increase at a rate of 1. % and 1. 3% per year, respectively. This means that new entrants will enter the market at a slower rate than the existing fast-food chains increase their branches (IBISWorld, 2010). The industry concentration, which is the combined market share of the top four chains, is low. The major players are McDonald’s Corporation (12. 7% of market share), Yum! Brands, Inc. (9. 7% of market share), Wendy’s/Arby’s Group, Inc. (6. 6% of market share), and Starbucks Corporation (5. 9% of market share) (Appendix 3 – Figure 1). The combined market share of these four firms is 34. 9%. We will write a custom essay sample on Chipotle External Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Chipotle External Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Chipotle External Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Since the industry life cycle is very close to a mature stage in the domestic market, many operators are looking to expand to unsaturated markets such as Asia and the Middle East. As a result, the trend toward globalization is high and is expected to increase over the coming years (IBISWorld, 2010). A study done by IBISWorld Industry Report found that â€Å"Households that make less than $50,000 per year spend 36. 6% of their food budget on dining out. Households that make between $50,000 and $75,000 per year spend 42. 4% of their food budget on dining out, while households that pull in more than $75,000 per year spend 45. % of their food budget on dining out† (2010). The same study found that almost half of the food budget is spent on eating out by people who are 18-25 years of age. People who are 25-30 years old spend 44. 8%, and those who are 35-50 years old spend 42. 3%. The 50-65 years of age category spends 42. 8%, and those who are 65 or older spend 37. 0% of their food budget dining out. It is true to say that â€Å"every age group and income level eats fast-food† (IBISWorld, 2010). (Appendix 4 – Figure 2) Since the domestic fast-food market is almost saturated, the competition has ecome intense. Operators are competing based on price, food quality, style/presentation, variety of foods, and quality of service. Moreover, the barriers to entry in this industry are low. This is because new operators can enter the market with low startup cost. Capital outlays can be minimized by leasing premises and equipment rather than buying outright. Franchising is another mechanism that allows new entrants to keep startup costs to a minimum (IBISWorld, 2010). Some operators opt for a multi-branding strategy to obtain economies of scale. For example, Yum! Brands, Inc. owns three of the world’s best known fast-food franchises, which are Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut. With a multi-branding strategy, a firm can combine its brands into the same location in order to increase sales and improve operating efficiency. In terms of industry profitability, it appears that profit margins have a tendency to fall. This is because competition is high and customers tend to buy low-priced high-value items. The average gross margin and net profit margin is 37. 1% and 14. 3%, respectively (MSN Money, 2010). Key Macro External Forces Socio-cultural Today’s society is becoming increasingly more health conscious. Consumers are aware of calories, obesity, sodium content and fatty food intake issues. Many restaurants have responded to the healthy eating trend by expanding the number of healthy food choices on their menus. A study found that American fast-food chains increased their healthy menu items by 65% during the second quarter of 2009 to the second quarter of 2010 (Midday, 2010). Another important social factor is the desire to be socially responsible. More restaurants are going green by choosing local ingredients, meats, and vegetables over those shipped from thousands of miles away. A study reports that around 80% of Americans consider themselves to be environmentally conscious. The same study found that over 60% of Americans prefer to eat at eco-friendly or green restaurants (Hubpages, 2010). This is why some restaurants incorporate green business in their marketing strategies. Economic According to IBISWorld Industry Report, the revenue for the fast-food restaurant industry in the next five years (2010 to 2015) is projected to grow at a rate of 2. % per year to $208. 2 billion (2010). Although this industry is expected to grow; a change in aggregate disposable income could negatively affect its revenues. During the recession, consumers tend to be more selective about how they spend their disposable income. Some are cutting back on eating out and electing to save money by eating in. Those who still eat out during the recession t end to choose lower-priced, value items. This trend has led to an intense competition between restaurants in order to convince customers that they can get the most bang for their buck at their establishment. Legal-political-regulatory There are many regulations involved in the food industry. One in particular is the food safety law. In California, this law requires all employees who handle food in a restaurant to earn a California Food Handler Card. Under the law, employees are required to take a training course followed by a test, at a cost of $15 per course (CRA, 2010). The extra time spent training the staff and the fee for the test itself certainly increases the cost of doing business for restaurateurs. The new nutrition-labeling law also plays a significant role in the food industry. According to the Association of Corporate Counsel, the law requires â€Å"nutrition labeling for standard menu items sold by chain restaurants with 20 or more locations doing business under the same name and offering substantially the same menu items† (2010). In addition to having each food item tested, menus may have to be reprinted to include the required nutritional data. The cost of complying with this new regulation could prove quite costly for some companies. Technological Many in the food service industry have incorporated a Point-of-Sale (POS) system. This system typically uses a touch-screen display to allow kitchen staff to view orders that are placed at the front counter or drive through in real time. The POS system can also be used to manage inventory and collect relevant data on consumer purchasing habits. Some restaurants have adopted an online ordering system that allows customers to place and pay for orders online. While others have joined the wave of mobile applications, giving consumers the ability to place and pay for an order from virtually anywhere at any time. Five Competitive Forces Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Low Suppliers in the fast-food industry have low bargaining power. This is because most of the larger fast-food chains such as McDonald’s and Yum! Brands, Inc. get their ingredients from a number of various suppliers. These companies have dominance over their relationship with suppliers. For instance, Chipotle has set specific standards for raw materials and ingredients and will only deal with a select few quality suppliers. However, the company has been trying to increase the number of suppliers to mitigate price volatility and shortages of supply (ISBISWorld, 2010). Potential Entry of New Competitors: High Barriers to entry in fast-food service segment are relatively low. As previously noted in the Industry Overview, start-up costs can be kept to a minimum by taking advantage of franchising opportunities and opting to lease space/equipment in lieu of buying. Hence, the industry has seen an increase in the number of new entrants. However, it is somewhat difficult to enter and compete on a large scale, mostly because of market saturation. A new operator would have to invest heavily in forging relationships with suppliers and gain access to valuable raw materials, which could pose a significant barrier to entry (IBISWorld, 2010). Potential Development of Substitutes: High There’s been a consistent decrease in the fast-food industry’s revenue stream as today’s health conscious consumer is seeking out healthier dining-out options. They’re looking for quicker snack options at beverage outlets (non-alcoholic) or choosing prepared foods from grocery stores. Consequently, the threat of substitutes is high (IBISWorld, 2010). Bargaining Power of Consumers: High As noted in the Industry Overview, the fast-food industry is virtually saturated. There are numerous existing restaurateurs and new ones entering the market frequently. Consumers have lots of choices when determining where to spend their dinging-out dollars. Today’s diners have the option to switch between restaurants as their preferences change and their budgets dictate. Rivalry Among Competing Firms: High The scope of competitive rivalry for Chipotle is in the domestic Mexican fast-food segment. Other players in the quick-service non-Mexican category include international chains like McDonalds, Yum! Brands, Wendys and Burger King. Direct competitors include Qdoba Mexican Grill, Taco Bell, El Pollo Loco and Baja Fresh (Yahoo Finance, 2010). These are mainly privately-held companies. In order to stay competitive firms must continuously seek to differentiate themselves from their rivals in order to attract and retain customers. Major Factors Causing Fundamental Changes Change in Consumer Attitudes The limited-service restaurant segment accounts for a large part of the fast-food service industry in the U. S. Despite its major contribution to overall industry revenue, this segment has experienced a decline in the last few years. This can be partially attributed to the fact that consumers are becoming more concerned with convenience and value for their money. They are also focusing more on making healthier lifestyle choices. Hence, their inclination has been more towards non-alcoholic beverage outlets or prepared foods from grocery stores in lieu of fast-food (IBISWorld, 2010). Economy/ Recession According to IBISWorld, baby boomers, a group that constitutes a major percentage of earnings for fast-food businesses, are looking for more convenient dining-out options. Those with less disposable income, such as homeowners facing foreclosure and/or unemployment, are seeking out establishments that offer more value for their money. Therefore, it’s important for restaurants to be reasonable in terms of pricing. The fast-food industry is also highly dependent on labor. The industry has experienced a rise in its labor costs such as wage, benefits, compensation and last but not the least, granting unemployment compensation. There has been an increase in the level of regulation for minimum wage by Federal and State Governments and also nutritional content of meals by Food and Drug Administration (IBIS, 2010). Industry Saturation/ Globalization As noted in the Industry Overview, the industry life cycle is nearing maturity in the domestic market. Many operators are being forced to expand to unsaturated markets such as Asia and the Middle East. As a result, the trend toward globalization is expected to increase over the coming years (IBISWorld, 2010). External Analysis Economic Forces Struggling Economy Threat In the last two years the U. S. economy has experienced the worst downward spiral since the Great Depression. The unemployment rate rose from just under 6% in 2008 to more than 9% in 2009 (CountryWatch, 2010). Tough economic times forced many consumers to embrace penny-wise spending habits. Some speculate that even if the economy makes a strong recovery, the trend toward frugality will be difficult to reverse (ProgressiveGrocer. com, 2010). Appendix 1 – Table 2) In an effort to stretch their dollar further, some diners are choosing a fast-food value menu over the slightly more expensive casual-dining experience. This is highlighted in Charles’ 2008 article which explores why McDonald’s introduced a premium value menu. The fast-food giant’s senior vice president and chief marketing officer for the UK and Northern Europe declared, â€Å"As people fall out of the casual-dining sector, we hope to catch them with our premium offerings† (p. 3). Social, Cultural, Demographic, and Natural Environmental Forces Aging Population Opportunity According to a recent article in Restaurant News, the baby boomer generation will be critical to the restaurant industry’s growth in the next 10 years. (Appendix 4 – Figure 3) The article cites a statistic from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Survey which indicates $2 of every $5 spent dining out can be credited to baby boomers (Francese, 2010). While most other age groups are shying away from dining out during the recession, baby boomers have actually shown an increased propensity for dining out (Glazer, 2009) Social Responsibility Opportunity The weak economy is causing consumers to think more intently about their purchasing decisions. In addition to analyzing the quality of a product or service, customers are considering what type of social statement the purchase will make. There’s a growing trend toward supporting businesses that are socially responsible. In the summer of 2009 Time Magazine conducted a poll which included 1003 participants. Almost 40% responded that they bought a product or service based on the company’s social or political values (Stengel, 2009). Environmentally Friendly Opportunity Restaurant owners are also taking note that consumers are concerned about the affect the products they buy have on the environment. KFC, one of the major players in the fast-food industry, is undertaking a â€Å"Renew, Reuse, Rejoice† initiative. The company is replacing foam and paper products with reusable plastic products. KFC hopes this new packaging will give customers more control over how the containers are reused and eventually disposed of (QSR, 2010). Health/Government – Opportunity Threat In addition to being good corporate citizens and environmentally friendly, restaurateurs must also address the public’s increasing awareness of the correlation between dining out and obesity. Many chain restaurants are now creating low-calorie menu items to appease the health conscious consumer and address new federal regulation requiring calorie count information on menus (Sasso, 2010). After facing criticism from public-health advocacy groups, Darden Restaurants, parent company of well known chains such as Red Lobster and Olive Garden, has introduced lower-calorie choices at many of its establishments (Pedicini, 2010). Competitive Forces Major Competitors Strengths/ Weaknesses In her article, â€Å"Fast –casual catches on†, Kelly Liyakasa contends that the fast-casual dining segment is experiencing the greatest growth in the restaurant industry (2010). According to IBISWorld, an online industry report database, major players must compete on the basis of price, location, dining experience, and customer service (2010). The top ten competitors in the casual-dining arena include Darden Restaurants, Pantry Inc. , Cheesecake Factory, Inc. and Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc. (Mergent Online, 2010). Appendix 2 – Table 3) (This section intentionally left blank) Key (or Critical) Success Factors There are over 250 key success factors for the restaurant industry. Below is a summary of some of the most important as identified by IBISWorld (2010): Customer Loyalty: Ability to attract new customers and keep the current ones. Customer loyalty is critical if a restaurant is to succeed in today’s economy. Customer loyalty can boost sales and profits. A study shows that a 5% increase in customer loyalty can boost lifetime profits per customer by as much as 95%. Omega Management Group Corp, 2010). Global Expansion: Global expansion is considered a growth strategy for the food industry, especially because the domestic segment is saturated. Labor: This industry is labor intensive. Labor input is used in all areas of the business, from order-taking to delivery. Therefore, access to a well trained and versatile staff is important. Technology: Capacity to implement new technology in order to increase productivity and decrease the cost of labor. Atmosphere: Ability to create a pleasant environment and an enjoyable dining experience Location, location, location: Prime locations near key markets Inventory Control: Ability to keep excess supply orders and food/stock wastage to a minimum Pricing: Pricing model aligned with portion control process in order to minimize costs and maximize profit margins on menu items Government Regulations: Ability to comply with changing government regulations related to food safety and handling Customer Service: A knack for knowing what the customer wants and providing it